
perfect hinge like joint admitting of motion laterally. These joints have capsular ligaments and are lined by a synovial membrane. The formation of the articular processes of the lumbar vertebrae deserve attention in relation to the lateral movement of this part of the spinal column in birds, these articular surfaces on one vertebra being somewhat obliquely situated and looking forwards, which exactly oppose the articular surfaces of the processes of the adjoining vertebrae, which are also somewhat obliquely situated and looking backwards. These joints are also lined by a synovial membrane and surrounded by a capsular ligament. (See Plate 3. Figure 1 & 2: letter a, Plate 1, letter a, representing the articulation of these parts in the peacock) The and lumbar portions of the spine, which admit of no motion whatever, and where there is no variation in the diameter of the spinal canal.” Animal and Vegetable Physiology, considered with reference to Natural Theology. Bridgewater Treatise. Vol: 1, p. 564. “A Plan entirely different is followed in the vertebrae of the back and loins. For the purpose of insuring the proper action of the wings, the great object here is to prevent motion, and to give all possible strength and security; and accordingly the whole of this portion of the spine together with the sacrum is consolidated into one piece. All the pro- cesses are largely developed and pass obliquely from one vertebra to the next, mutually locking them together; and in order most effectually to preclude the possibility of any flection, the spinous processes and sometimes even the bodies of the dorsal vertebrae are immoveably soldered together by ossific matter, so as to form one continuous bone.”
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Manuscript details
- Author
- George Oakley Fleming
- Reference
- AP/28/6
- Series
- AP
- Date
- 1846
- IIIF
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Cite as
On Motion in the lumbar division of the spine of birds, by George Oakley Fleming , 1846. From The Royal Society, AP/28/6
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