Skip to content

Please be aware that some material may contain words, descriptions or illustrations which will not reflect current scientific understanding and may be considered in today's context inaccurate, unethical, offensive or distressing.

Paper, 'On the relations of the nucleus to spore-formation in certain liverworts' by John Bretland Farmer

Reference number: PP/22/29

Date: 1893

Description

Farmer writes: 'It is well known that, as a general rule, during the formation of spore tetrads from their mother cells, the nucleus of the latter commonly undergoes two successive bipartitions. Each of the resulting four nuclei ultimately becomes a centre for the aggregation of a portion of the original protoplasm, whilst division of the whole immediately follows by means of cell walls. Though the above method is the one most commonly followed during the process of spore development, so far as the essential features are concerned, it is by no means the invariable one.'

Annotations in pencil and ink.

Subject: Biology / Botany

Received 9 November 1893. Read 14 December 1893. Communicated by Sidney Howard Vines.

A version of this paper was published in volume 54 of the Proceedings of the Royal Society as 'On the relations of the nucleus to spore-formation in certain liver-worts'.

Reference number
PP/22/29
Earliest possible date
1893
Physical description
Ink and coloured pencil on paper
Page extent
5 pages
Format
Manuscript

Creator name

John Bretland Farmer

View page for John Bretland Farmer

Use this record

Citation

John Bretland Farmer, Paper, 'On the relations of the nucleus to spore-formation in certain liverworts' by John Bretland Farmer, 1893, PP/22/29, The Royal Society Archives, London, https://makingscience.royalsociety.org/items/pp_22_29/paper-on-the-relations-of-the-nucleus-to-spore-formation-in-certain-liverworts-by-john-bretland-farmer, accessed on 16 June 2026

Link to this record

Embed this record

<iframe src="https://makingscience.royalsociety.org/embed/items/pp_22_29/paper-on-the-relations-of-the-nucleus-to-spore-formation-in-certain-liverworts-by-john-bretland-farmer" title="Paper, 'On the relations of the nucleus to spore-formation in certain liverworts' by John Bretland Farmer" allow="fullscreen" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="500px"></iframe>

Related Publications

Hierarchy

This item is part of:

Related Fellows

Explore the collection

  • Proceedings Papers

    The archival collection known as 'Proceedings Papers' is comprised of manuscripts and occasional proofs of scientific papers sent to the Royal Society which were read before meetings of Fellows and printed in full in the Proceedings of the Royal Society.

    Dates: 1882 - 1894

    View collection